Colombia Policy Watch
January 2013
Communities in Arauca block and protest against oil-extracting transnational corporations
Around 1500 people who belong to social movement organizations in Arauca, Colombia began a peaceful mobilization on January 21st
which continues today. The protesters are permanently blocking several
operation areas of oil-exploiting transnational corporations, Occidental
Petroleum (a US company), Pacific Rubiales, British Petroleum and
Ecopetrol. The "Peaceful mobilization advancing demands for
oil-transnationals and the Colombian state," seeks to oppose the pillage and exploitation of natural resources and
to expose the historic debt that the state and transnationals have with
the local communities affected by environmental degradation and social
disruption.
The
mobilization stems from an earlier protest last year (April 10-May 8)
that pushed the government to agree to establish local forums for
community input on extractive industries and their impact. However, not
all the promised forums were established and the community viewed the
few platforms as a disrespectful and insufficient attempts. Spokesperson
Alonso Campiño
stated: "this time we will not stop our mobilization or get up from the
table with a simple signed agreement. This time we will mobilize as we
discuss and sign agreements." Interlocutors are explicitly requesting a
presidential decree that guarantees judicial protection for negotiating
tables that seeks to make the government and the involved companies
comply with the commitment to listen to social organizations.
On January 30th
the coalition of social movement organizations released a written
update from a meeting they held with government and corporate officials
two days earlier In the meeting, the government recognized that it had
not fulfilled the commitments it made in May of 2012 and acknowledged
that the involved companies had also failed to comply with their
promises toward the community. The government promised to put into
effect a decree, agreed upon at this and subsequent regional meetings,
by February 18th. Finally, while the statement warned that
any act of sabotage from the involved companies would intensify the
protests and yield an all-encompassing civic strike, the organizers also
called on to insurgent groups to abstain from offensive military
attacks and to claim responsibility for previous aggressions.
USOC
will continue to monitor the developments in Arauca, being especially
attentive to possible stigmatizations or unfounded criminal charges
brought against social movement organizers for their involvement in the
protests. In Arauca, over 3,000 community and campesino leaders have had
unfounded criminal proceedings brought against them over the last
decade utilizing a special unit of the Attorney General's Office, which
operates from within the Brigada 30, to accuse social leaders and
criminalize protests. Following USOC's accompaniment of a delegation of
social movement leaders from Arauca that came to D.C. in December 2012,
we will work with the US officials to monitor the events related to this
protest and ensure guarantees for these human rights and environmental
defenders.
Comunidades en Arauca bloquean y protestan contra transnacionales petroleras
Cerca
de 1500 personas pertenecientes a organizaciones sociales en Arauca,
Colombia comenzaron mobilizaciones pacificas en Enero 21 y continúan
hasta hoy. Quienes protestan han bloqueado permanentemente el área de
operaciones de las compañías petroleras transnacionales Occidental
Petroleum (compañía Estadounidense), Pacific Rubiales, British Petroleum
y Ecopetrol. "La Jornada de movilización pacífica de exigencias a las
transnacionales petroleras y al Estado colombiano" busca oponerse al saqueo y la explotación de nuestros recursos
naturales y exponer la deuda histórica que el estado y las
transnacionales tienen con las comunidades locales afectadas por la
degradación ambiental y la disrupción social.
La movilización surge de una protesta anterior el año pasado (Abril
10 a Mayo 8) que presionó al gobierno para que acordara establecer
mesas de diálogo para recibir las perspectivas de las organizaciones de
la comunidad sobre el impacto de la industria extractiva. Sin embargo,
no todas las mesas fueron establecidas y las pocas plataformas que se
crearon fueron vistas como irrespetuosas e insuficientes por la
comunidad. El vocero Alonso Campiño
aseguró que "esta vez no nos vamos a levantar de una mesa con un acta
firmada, sino que esta vez vamos a ir firmando y negociando un acto a
medida que se da cumplimiento por parte del gobierno." Los
interlocutores están explicitamente pidiendo que se expida un decreto
presidencial que garantice la protección jurídica para las mesas de
negociación que buscan que el gobierno y las compañias involucradas cumplan con sus compromisos de escuchar a las organizaciones sociales.
El
30 de enero la coalición de organizaciones del centro-oriente de
Colombia publicó un comunicado de actualización sobre una reunión que
sostuvieron dos días antes con el gobierno y oficiales de las compañías.
En esta reunión el gobierno reconoció que no había cumplido con los
compromisos que firmó en Mayo del 2012 y concordó con que las compañías
también habían fallado en cumplir sus promesas a la comunidad. El
gobierno prometió poner en efecto un decreto presidencial, acordado en
esta y próximas reuniones regionales, para el día febrero 18.
Finalmente, mientras que el comunicado advirtió que cualquier acto de
sabotaje por parte de las transnacionales intensificaría las protestas e
induciría a un paro cívico, los organizadores también hicieron un
llamado a los grupos insurgentes para que se abstengan de realizar
ofensivas militares y que clarifiquen su responsabilidad en previas
agresiones.
USOC
continuara haciéndole seguimiento al desarrollo de la protesta en
Arauca, concentrándonos especialmente en los posibles señalamientos y
judicializaciones en contra de organizadores de movimientos sociales por
su vinculación a esta jornada. En Arauca, más de 3,000 líderes
comunitarios y campesinos han sido judicializados en la última década a
través de la unidad especial de la Fiscalía, quien opera desde la
Brigada 30 y señala a líderes sociales y judicializa las protestas. En
línea con nuestro acompañamiento de una delegación de Arauca que visitó
D.C. en diciembre del 2012, trabajaremos con oficiales estadounidenses
para monitorear los hechos relacionados con esta protesta y para que
existan garantías para con los defensores de derechos humanos y
medio-ambientales.
Miners' strike and increased military activity reveal large-scale mining negative effect on human rights
While employees from the company controlling the largest coal open-pit mine in the world are going on a strike on February, increased military presence in the mineral-rich area of southern Bolivar has threatened local communities' safety. In La Guajira, employees from the Cerrejón Company are demanding not only higher wages, but recognition of the severe health problems triggered by open-pit mining and halting the corporation's project to modify a river that sustains indigenous peoples' livelihoods in the area. In Sur de Bolívar, community organizations from the Serranía de San Lucas are warning against the danger of military officers partnering up with paramilitary forces to persecute the ELN. Communities fear that increased military offenses seeking to rescue the mining engineers kidnapped by the ELN on January 18th will inadvertently trap the civilian population in the crossfire. What ties these two stories together is the growing number of conflicts in Colombia around large-scale mining projects because of their social, environmental and human rights impacts.
This
spring, USOC will be releasing a report that exposes the nexus between
transnational mining projects and human rights violations. The report
will provide in-depth accounts of three emblematic cases that
demonstrate how the entry of multinational corporations to mineral-rich
areas in Colombia is threatening to increase repression and
stigmatization of social movements, displace communities and violate
free, prior and informed consent laws for indigenous and Afro-Colombian
populations.
Huelga
de mineros e incrementos en la actividad militar revelan el efecto
negativo de la minería a gran escala en los derechos humanos
Mientras que los empleados de la compañía que controla la mina de carbón a cielo abierto más grande del mundo se irán a la huelga este mes de febrero,
el incremento en la presencia militar en el área rica en recursos
mineros del Sur de Bolívar amenaza la seguridad de las comunidades
locales. En la Guajira, los empleados piden al Cerrejón no sólo un incremento en los salarios,
sino el reconocimiento de que las severas enfermedades de los
trabajadores han sido causadas por las tecnicas de minería a cielo
abierto y que la compañía renuncie al proyecto de modificar un río que
sostiene la vida de la población indígena que vive en el
área. En el Sur
de Bolívar, las organizaciones comunitarias de la Serranía de San Lucas
advierten sobre el peligro de que oficiales miltares establezcan alianzas con fuerzas paramilitares
con el fin de perseguir al ELN. Las comunidades temen que el incremento
en las ofensivas militares que tratan de rescatar a los ingenieros
mineros secuestrados por el ELN en enero 18 atrape inadvertidamente a la
población civil dentro del fuego cruzado. Lo que une a estas dos
historias es el creciente número de conflictos en Colombia alrededor de
proyectos de minería a gran escala dados sus impactos en los derechos
humanos, sociales y medio-ambientales.
Esta primavera, USOC publicará
un reportaje sobre el vínculo entre los proyectos de la minería
transnacional y las violaciones a los derechos humanos. El reportaje
proveerá descripciones a fondo de tres casos emblemáticos que demuestran
como la entrada de corporaciones multinacionales a aéreas ricas en
recursos minerales en Colombia está amenazando con incrementar la
represión y estigmatización de movimientos sociales, desplazar
comunidades y violar la leyes de la consulta previa, libre e informada
para pueblos afro e indígenas.
Outreach and Advocacy
USOC's
Executive Director just attended the annual meeting of the Coordinación
Colombia Europa Estados Unidos (CCEEU) in order to coordinate advocacy
agendas for the coming year. The CCEEU is a platform of over 200 human
rights organizations throughout Colombia, and one of USOC's main
partners in Colombia.
USOC
is also in the process of preparing for the annual human rights
certification consultation with the Department of State where we will
oppose certification based principally on the passage of the military
jurisdiction law.
Acciones y Campañas
La directora ejecutiva de USOC acabo de asistir la reunión anual de la Coordinación Colombia Europa Estados Unidos (CCEEU) que se lleva a cabo para coordinar agendas de acciones y campañas para el próximo año. La CCEEU es una plataforma de más de 200 organizaciones de derechos humanos a lo largo y ancho de Colombia, y una de las compañeras principales de USOC.
USOC también se encuentra en el proceso de preparación para la
consultoría de certificación de derechos humanos con el Departamento de
Estado donde nos opondremos a la certificación basados principalmente en
la aprobación de la ley de la jurisdicción militar.





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